Syllabus LLB
PART X
Syllabus of Third Year B.A. LL.B., Third Year B.B.A. LL.B. and First Year LL.B.
Third Year B.A. LL.B. - Semester V
Third Year B.B.A. LL.B. - Semester V
First Year LL.B. - Semester I
LC 0501 Legal and Constitutional History :
Objectives of the Course : The advent of British rule in India has introduced a completely new form of law, legal institutions and administration system in India. The traces of colonial rules are still present in Independent India. ... << More >>
LC 0502 Family Law I :
Objectives of the Course : The personal law applicable to Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Parsis and other denominations is not fully codified. While these personal laws are similar in their essential broad underlying principles ...<< More >>
LC 0503 Law of Contract I :
Objectives of the Course : Individuals, organisations, institutions, governments make countless contracts for effecting their transactions. They enjoy considerable freedom in devising the terms of their transactions, which they will ... << More >>
Objectives of the Course : Crime and Punishment has always been the most important aspect of Rule of Law. A proper understanding of crimes, methods of controlling them and the reasons for their existence is extremely importan ... << More >>
Optional Subject 1 (Any one from the following) :
LO 0505 Health and Food Law :
Objectives of the Course : The objectives of the course are : (1) To enable the students to acquire knowledge of constitutional protections ... << More >>
LO 0506 Equity and Trust Law :
Objectives of the Course : Trust being an obligation connected with property, the law has to play a key role in protecting interests of persons ... << More >>
LO 0507 Criminal Psychology and Criminal Sociology :
Objectives of the Course : The course is designed to acquaint students with advances made by sociology and psychiatry in understanding ... << More >>
LO 0508 Agricultural Marketing Law :
Objectives of the Course : The livelihood of majority of the country’s population depends on agriculture. About 65 percent of the population ... << More >>
LO 0509 Intellectual Property Rights I :
Objectives of the Course : Intellectual Property has acquired tremendous role in the present technology driven economy throughout the ... << More >>
Third Year B.A. LL.B. - Semester VI
Third Year B.B.A. LL.B. - Semester VI
First Year LL.B. - Semester II
LC 0601 Constitutional Law I
Objectives of the Course : This Course is designed to acquaint students with the basic principles of Constitution and Constitutionalism. The reason and justification of the growth of Fundamental Rights. The operation of Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles in India and its effect is to be studies. The basic norm of the land is to be taught with the help << More >>
LC 0602 Family Law II
Objectives of the Course : This course involves the student with the personal law as it affects property relations. It primarily covers the concept of Undivided Family of the Hindu law, the provisions relating to intestate and testamentary succession applicable to persons of all denominations, and provisions relating to wakf, and relating to gifts in Muslim law because these special provisions to which personal law is applicable.
The study of the course must expose to the similarities and differences across the personal law systems, and to appreciate these differences in the context of development of these laws. The other objective is to view family law not merely as a separate system of personal laws based upon religions but as the one cutting across the religious lines and eventually enabling us to fulfill the constitutional directive of uniform civil code. << More >>
LC 0603 Law of Contract II
Objectives of the Course : The special provisions of law that apply to special contracts are covered in this course. The provisions relating to contracts of indemnity and guarantee, of bailment and pledge, and of agency are contained in three chapters of the Indian Contract Act 1872 and in two other statutes: The Sale of Goods Act 1930 and the Indian Partnership Act These transactions play a very important role in commerce and trade.
This course follows the course about the general principles that apply to all contracts. They deal with general principles that apply to each specific contractual relationship. The study of this course will enable a good understanding of the purposes with which each of these transactions is made, the features of each of these transactions, and the rights and liabilities of the parties to them. The course also emphasizes the study of remedies provided in these laws. << More >>
LC 0604 Tort and Consumer Protection Law
Objectives of the Course : The Law of Torts is about civil wrongs. The liability for such wrongs is distinct from liability under criminal law and contract law. The negligence, defamation, trespass, assault, conspiracy, deceit are examples of such wrongs. Tort law provides various remedies : compensation for injury and injunction. It is not governed by any statute, but has developed over centuries through principles developed by courts. It is therefore developmental and the law responds to the needs of the times. The liability for new kinds of wrongs is recognised, or an existing wrong develops with contemporary needs.
The course enables study of the general principles of tortious liability and its difference from criminal and contractual liability. The course also covers specific torts, and remedies available for their redressal. This course also covers relevant provisions under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, and the principles of liability in case of accidents under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. <<More>>
Optional Subject 2 (Any one from the following) :
LO 0605 Media and Law
Objectives of the Course : Media is a social instrument which provides a platform to the people in the society to freely profess their right to freedom of speech and expression. The significance of media and its freedom can never be over emphasised in a participatory democratic setup like that of India, which regards ‘Media’ as the ‘fourth estate’ of democracy. The prima facie objective of this course is to study and analyse the historical background, present position and future prospects of the various privileges, rights and freedoms guaranteed by the state to media through << More >>
LO 0606 Banking and Insurance Law
Objectives of the Course : The modern society functions on monetary transactions. The services banks render to the public have a significant contribution in the development of any economy. The security of assets, money and other valuable belonging to individuals, families, businesses is assured through the service that banks provide. The process of the working of the banks, legal control over them, and protection to consumers of banking services, are areas with which a law student must become familiar.
Insurance industry provides risk cover to individuals and businesses. It is growing, especially after the industry became open for private investments. While the business of insurance is regulated, the relationship between the insurer and insured is contractual. The objective of the course is to give insights into the principles of insurance as applied in such contracts, the need and nature of regulation of insurance, and a brief study of types of insurance and their features. << More >>
Objectives of the Course : The objectives of the course is to acquaint students with the penal policies including theories of punishment, their supposed philosophical and sociological justifications. This course also offers a specialized understanding of the functioning of the penal institutions along with rehabilitation and protection of victims of crime. << More >>
Objectives of the Course : The much criticized Land Acquisition Act, 1894 was repealed and replaced by the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (RFCTLARR Act 2013). The object of the Act is to provide a law, which will enable the State to acquire the land of citizens. However, the power of Government to acquire land is not absolute. The cardinal rule is that there should be compensation for acquisition of land. The power of the sovereign to take private property for public use and the consequent rights of the owner to compensation are well established in the Act of 2013. The syllabus is aimed to make aware the students (a) the historical foundation of land acquisition in India, (b) constitutional provisions relating to land acquisition in India, (c) the detailed outline and functioning of the Act, 2013, and (d) the << More >>
Objectives of the Course : This course is designed with an objective to acquaint the students with the laws for the protection of various intellectual properties and how the international instruments implemented in India. It also aims at sensitizing the students with current issues in the field of Intellectual Property at National Level. << More >>
PART XI
Syllabus of Fourth Year
B.A. LL.B., Fourth Year
B.B.A. LL.B. and
Second Year LL.B.
Fourth Year B.A. LL.B. - Semester VII
Fourth Year B.B.A. LL.B. - Semester VII
Second Year LL.B. - Semester III
LC 0701 ConstitutionalLaw II :
Objective of the Course : The Course is designed with an objective to acquaint the students with the Federal principles of Indian Constitution and the powers, functions and structures of various Constitutional bodies. The course is to be studied in the social, economic and political context in which the constitution operates. << More >>
LC 0702Property Law and Easement :
Objectives of
the Course : The subject covers the study of the Transfer of Property Act,
1882 and the Easement Act, 1882. The subject is fundamental law that covers
principles applicable to transfers of all kinds of properties. A sound grasp of
this subject is the foundation necessary for a better understanding of all
special laws that affect property. The course will enable the student to
appreciate the fundamental principles, features, rights and liabilities of
parties and the consequences of specific transactions affecting immovable
property. The topic of actionable claims is very relevant in the modern
business environment and financing models. The course also covers law relating
to easements and licenses. << More >>
LC 0703Public International Law :
Objective of
the Course : This course provides an insight into Public International Law
and its significance in the economically globalised world. It enables the
students to understand the interdependence of the countries and how they are
constantly addressing the global issues through peaceful measures. In view of the vastness of the subject, only
important chapters have been covered here. An Introductory perspective to
International Law is aimed to provoke the inquisitiveness of the students. A
grasp on the key features and subtle perspective of the law and its relevance
will help the students in the preparation of various competitive examinations. <<More>>
LP 0704Practical Training Paper I - Professional Ethics and Contempt of Court Law :
Objectives of
the Course : The professional ethics encompasses an ethical code governing
the conduct of persons engaged in the practice of law as well as persons
engaged in the legal sector. The objective of this course is to acquaint the
students as to (a) legal profession in India during - ancient, medieval and
modern period, (b) professional ethics or duties, (c) the provisions of the
Advocate Act, 1961, and (d) the provisions of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971.
The purpose of the course shall also be to provide or to enhance the practical
knowledge of the students and to acquaint them with the link between theory and
practice. << More >>
Optional Subject 3 (Any one from the
following) :
LO 0705Comparative Constitutions :
Objectives of
the Course : This course aims to acquaint the students with scope and
significance of comparative study of the constitutional law from the point of
view of its making and it’s contemporary working. It will help the students to
appreciate the constitutional developments from the national and international
perspectives. It takes in its fold the basic principles of interpretation of
Constitution. It will enhance the comprehension of Constitutional law as a
branch of public law. << More >>
LO 0706Investment and Securities Law :
Objectives of the Course : The securities market plays a very important role in the growth and development of Indian market economies. Mature and well-regulated securities market supports corporate initiatives and also facilitate the management of financial risks. Also, retail investors are investing an increasing proportion of their money in mutual funds and other collective investments which places the securities markets at the central of individual wealth. This course aims to introduce students to the various laws and regulations enacted by the competent legislative and regulating bodies governing the operation and movement of security market. << More >>
Objectives of
the Course : The Indian Penal
Code, 1860 is not the only criminal law in India, though it is one of the major
criminal law. Apart from Indian Penal Code there are many other criminal
legislations. In a post-independence period many legislations were enacted by
the Centre and State to control crime and criminal behavior. These special
legislations redefined crime and the criminal procedure to be followed. These
legislations are rampantly been used by police and courts in day to day life.
The course is designed to acquaint the students with few important criminal
laws, which are essential for all criminal law lawyers. << More >>
Objectives of
the Course : This course enables a student a study of the form of
organisation set up for mutual benefit. The first part of the course is about
principles of cooperation, its history, growth and development and the
characteristics of a cooperative society. The other part of the course is a
detailed study of the Maharashtra
Co-operative Societies Act 1960 (the
MCS Act, 1960) which will enable a student to know about the process of
formation, management and control of cooperative societies, their relations
with third parties and its members, and settlement of disputes between the
society and its members. This study will equip a student to understand this
special law, and to specialize in this branch of law. << More >>
LO 0709
Private International Law :
Objectives of
the Course : Private International Law, also known as conflict of laws, is
a national law, consisting of rules that enable finding that law of that
country which will govern disputes among private parties that involve a foreign
element.
This course is important for every student interested
in developing civil and commercial practice relating to cross border issues
involving contracts, property, succession, marriage, divorce, and adoption.
Study of this law will also give an international and comparative perspective to
the study of different laws required in practice of civil law. << More >>
Fourth Year B.A. LL.B. - Semester VIII
Fourth Year B.B.A. LL.B. - Semester VIII
Second Year LL.B. - Semester IV
LC 0801Labour and Industrial Law :
Objectives of
the Course : The labour movement has been instrumental in the enacting of
laws protecting labour rights in the 19th and 20th centuries. Labour rights
have been integral to the social and economic development since the industrial
revolution. After the Independence the government of India has enacted numerous
legislations for the regulation of labour relations and their welfare. Labour
and Industrial law mediates many aspects of the relationship between trade
unions, employers and employees. It defines the rights and obligations of
workers, union members and employers in the work place. An understanding of
Labour Laws is very essential for law students because of the fact that the
scope and ambit of these laws is very wide and is touching the lives of
millions of people in the country. << More >>
Objectives of the Course : The course aims at developing an analytical approach to understand the nature of law and the development of legal system. Jurisprudence seeks to answer fundamental questions about law. The concerns of jurisprudence are an inescapable feature of the law and legal system. Jurisprudence has generous frontiers. It accommodates copious subjects of intellectual enquiry. This course identifies and elucidates several of the major preoccupations of legal theory. This course also create an understanding of basic legal concepts like Rights, Person, Property, Title, Possession, Ownership, Liability, Obligation which are basic to the study of Law. << More >>
Objectives of
the Course : The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 is the important source of Law
of Evidence. The objectives of the
course are to equips the students with knowledge of : (a) the fundamental
principles of evidence law, (b) the strict application of it in judicial
proceedings, (c) the role of evidence law in civil and criminal proceedings,
(d) the connection of the course with substantive and other procedural laws,
and (e) the relevance of the course in non-litigation practice. The student
will also be exposed to the concerned provisions of the Information Technology
Act, 2000. << More >>
LP 0804Practical Training Paper II - Alternative Dispute Resolution System :
Objectives of
the Course : The objective of this course is to acquaint the students with
various modes of Alternate Dispute Resolution System (ADR). The ADR mechanism is less bound by procedural formalities
and speedy in giving results. For this reason ADR is appreciated by many
countries around the world. The course is designed to give the students
insightful knowledge about this emerging area. The goal of the course is to
help the students to understand practically the various methods of resolving
disputes under ADR system, so that they can help their clients and society to
select and employ the most effective, just and humane methods. The inability to
resolve disputes in a timely manner eviscerates public and private rights
obligations. To overcome this drastic situation ADR is highly recommended and
accepted. The course covers study of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996,
the Legal Services Authority Act, 1987 and few international perspectives and
enforcement of foreign awards. << More >>
LO 0805Human Rights Law and Practice :
Objectives of
the Course : The National Legal Systems recognized the rights of
individuals from ancient periods and extended protection through various legal
regulations. However, they could not provide an effective remedy for breaches
outside the state and state violations. This scenario and other developments in
the beginning of 20th century led the nation-states to bring the aspects of
individual's rights under the purview of international law and appropriately
titled them as Human Rights with the adoption of Charter of UN in 1945. In
pursuance of the directions of the preamble and other provisions of Charter, a
plethora of international instruments have been agreed upon by the States
Parties to Protect and promote the Human Rights of Individuals both at
international and domestic levels. In view of the gaining significance of
International Law of Human Rights, this course presents subtly an overview of
the International and Domestic perspectives of Human Rights along with the
redressal mechanism. << More >>
LO 0807
Vulnerable and Disadvantaged Groups and Criminal Law :
Objectives of
the Course : This Course covers subjects that a civil practitioner needs to
address very often. The aim of the course is to introduce the students the knowledge
law with respect to Interest, Civil Courts, Suits Valuation, Court Fees,
Registration of documents, Stamp duties and Negotiable Instruments. << More >>
LO 0809
International Economic Law :
Objectives of
the Course : With the Changing dimensions of Globalisation and the
increasing dependence on economic relations by the nation states, the
significance of international law has grown considerably in the contemporary
era. The relations of nation-states are mostly depending on economic
cooperation than on political perspectives as compared to yester years. In
order to have a broad outlook of the nation-state relations in the field of
economic era, this course equips the student to get an overview of economic
legal scenario of states. << More>>
PART XII
Syllabus of
Fifth Year B.A. LL.B.,
Fifth Year B.B.A.
LL.B. and
Third Year LL.B.
Fifth Year B.A. LL.B. - Semester IX Fifth Year B.B.A. LL.B. - Semester IX Third Year LL.B. -
Semester V
LC 0901
Civil Procedure Code :
Objectives of
the Course : The Civil Procedure
Code, 1906 is subject of daily use by the Civil Courts and lawyers. Students
cannot afford to have scant knowledge of civil procedure when he goes out to
practice as a lawyer. It is necessary to have good grounding in the subject
before one enters the profession. The substantive law determines the rights of
persons affected by action. The main objective of this course is to give to a
student a thorough knowledge of procedural law especially related to working of
civil courts and other adjudicating authorities.
LC 0902
Interpretation of Statutes :
Objectives of
the Course : This course aims to acquaint the students with basic
principles of interpretation of statute. It focuses on general and specific
rules of interpretation of statutes. It also prescribes the guidelines on
interpretation of remedial, penal and taxing statutes. It provides for internal
and external aids for interpretation of statutes. It also contains the rules
regulating commencement, operation and repeal of statutes. It prescribes the
principles for interpretation of Constitutional document.
LC 0903
Environmental Law :
LP 0904 Practical Training Paper III - Drafting, Pleading and Conveyance :
LO 0905 Law
on Education :
Objectives of
the Course : This course aims to acquaint the students with constitutional
provisions guaranteeing the right to education and other statutory provisions.
It also acquaints the students with the mechanism of regulation of education by
Government. It provides the students with the judicial and legislative
developments in the field of right to education. It introduces the students
with the changing scenario in the field of higher education.
LO 0906
Principles of Taxation Law :
Objectives of
the Course : This course aims to acquaint the students with basic
principles of taxation. It highlights the important principles of computation
of income. It provides important tenets of calculation of income of natural and
legal person. It also prescribes for powers and functions of various
authorities under Income Tax Act. It provides the important features of the
Central Goods and Services Tax Act and Integrated Goods and Services Tax
Act.
LO 0907 Law
of Forensic Science :
Objectives of
the Course : Forensic science plays a very important role in criminal law
justice system. It helps in determination of the guilt of a suspected criminal,
and ascertains various facts in a case by scientifically testing various types
of evidences collected during criminal investigation. A Prosecutor or a Judge
is an expert in the field of law but may lack in-depth scientific knowledge,
which may be necessary in different cases to ascertain the facts and
circumstances of the case in order to prove the case “beyond reasonable doubts”
and to attribute criminal liability to the accused person. Therefore, expert
opinion of scientists and doctors are invited by the courts whenever evidences
are scientifically examined.
The aim of this course is to explain the concept of
forensic science and its role in criminal law. This course will give an
overview as to what kind of evidences are collected and scientifically tested
in various crimes, how the result of these tests and expert opinion are useful
in investigations and trials and its evidentiary value.
LO 0908
Land Laws I :
Objectives of
the Course : Land rights refer to the inalienable ability of individual to
freely obtain, use, and possess land at their discretion, as long as their
activities on the land do not impede on other individuals’ rights. The purpose
of the course, divided in two semesters, is to acquaint the students about laws
that govern the use and dealing with land and buildings, and regulation and
control of activities concerning land.
This course deals with laws that mainly affect urban
properties, their development and dealings. With a sound background of law of
transfer of property, this course equips the student with all other laws that
affect use and dealings of land, and activities that enable its best use.
Although much of course content involves laws in force in the State of
Maharashtra, the principles governing these laws are common across laws on the
subjects in other states.
LO 0909
International Law on Air, Space and Sea :
Objectives of
the Course : International Law of Air, Space and Sea are the part of the
jurisdictional perspective of a State. The aim of the course is to subtly
introduce to the students, the significance of Air, Space and Law of the Sea as
the basic components of International Law with a background of Indian
perspective. Law of Air, Space and Sea constitutes as an important resource
zones for the sustainability of nation states the course introduces the basic
percept’s of these areas with current developments.
Fifth Year B.A. LL.B. - Semester X
Fifth Year B.B.A. LL.B. -
Semester X
Third Year LL.B. - Semester VI
LC 1001
Criminal Procedure Code :
Objectives of
the Course : The procedural law providing for a fair procedure is
significant for a just society. The Criminal Procedure has to be just, fair and
reasonable to the accused as well as to the victims. At the same time it
confronts a crises of intrusion into individual rights in order to protect the
common weal. The criminal process involves increasing expenditure of government
resources. Criminal procedure, thus, makes a balance of conflicting interests.
Thus, a duty is imposed on all those who are connected with the working of the
criminal process to abide by the law and to exercise discretion conferred on
them in the best manner. The main object of the course is to familiarize
students with the working of the criminal justice delivery system and also to
make them understand the significant riddles of the procedure. The course is
aimed at driving home the students how the pre-trial, trial and the subsequent
process are geared up to make the administration of criminal justice effective.
The Course will acquaint the students with organisation of the functionaries
under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, their powers and functions. The
teacher, in addition, shall endeavor to familiarize the students with the case
papers like, FIR, Police statement, charge sheet, etc.
LC 1002
Administrative Law :
Objectives of
the Course : It is expected that the Administrative Law should be
specifically deals with delivering two fundamental aspects of good governance -
(a) firstly rule based administration that ensure transparency in discretion
based administration to avoid arbitrariness and (b) secondly delivery of
administrative justice in furtherance of a welfare functions of the State where
in litigative justice may not be accountable, efficient and effective.
With the emergence of a State as a welfare institution
its administration and administrative law have become all-pervading factor
across the world, The aim of this course is to study the structure, governance,
organization, powers and function or public authorities in India. The expansion
of the powers of the necessities to undertake a scrutiny of its various
functions - Legislative, executive as well as judicial. The Administrative law
in India is essentially a judge made law and therefore students are expected to
be familiar and acquainted with the development of the subject with leading
cases. The students will also be able to understand (a) concepts and principles
governing administrative law, (b) appreciate role, powers and functions of
administrative organs, and (c) appreciate recent development of administrative
law.
LC 1003
Company Law :
Objectives of
the Course : Company legislation in India owes its origin to the English
company law. Modern business ventures require knowledge of company law. There
have been considerable changes in company law over last few years. These
Changes have put more responsibility on the shoulder of Directors. A company
has to comply with lot of procedures as covered under the Companies Act, 2013,
Listing agreement, the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 and
regulations. Moreover, corporate Governance is now actively being implemented
in various corporate houses. Law students are expected to study these changes
thoroughly and minutely. The Company Act, 2013 seems to strengthen the
Corporate Governance. This course provides study of company law in detail which
is essential for budding lawyers.
LP 1004
Practical Training Paper IV - Moot Court Exercise and Internship :
Optional Subject 6 (Any one from the
following) :
LO 1005
Election Law :
Objectives of
the Course : This course aims to acquaint the students with the vital
elements of democracy. It prescribes the students with the constitutional and
legislative aspects of representation. The elections are conducted according to
the constitutional provisions, supplemented by laws made by Parliament. Those
major laws are : (a) the Representation of the People Act, 1950, which mainly
deals with the preparation and revision of electoral rolls, (b) the
Representation of the People Act, 1951 which deals, in detail, with all aspects
of conduct of elections and post election disputes, (c) the Delimitation Act,
2002, which deals with the readjustment of the allocation of seats in the House
of the People and the division of each State and each Union territory into
territorial constituencies for elections to the House of the People and
Legislative Assemblies of the States and Union territories, (d) the
Presidential and Vice-Presidential
Elections Act, 1952. The Course
provides the students with the process of conduct of election and related
aspects. It also provides the students with judicial perspectives on electoral
reforms. It acquaints the students with redressal mechanism for election
disputes.
LO 1006
Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law :
Objectives of
the Course : The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 consolidated and
amended the law relating to reorganization and insolvency resolution of
corporations, partnership firms, and individuals. The Course will give the
student an overview of the new law that not only opens opportunities for
specialized practice in this area, but also in the course of transacting, and
due diligence investigation. The student will apprise of the Insolvency
resolution process, the distinction between Insolvency and Bankruptcy, the
function of regulation in this area, the functioning of various authorities.
LO 1007
Comparative Criminal Justice System :
Objectives of
the Course : Comparative research earlier was a luxury. It served to
broaden one’s horizons. Today, comparative research is a necessity. In the
criminal justice system the only way to effectively prevent and combat crime on
the world stage is via the harmonisation and the coordination of national and
international efforts. That requires up-to-date and intimate knowledge of
criminal justice arrangements abroad. This necessitates the appreciation of
meaningful and valuable differences, stemming from culture, history and social
discourse, which help shape criminal justice arrangements in places quite
different from our own. The academic endeavour of comparative criminal justice
requires detailed understanding of not just criminal justice process but also
the actors involved in it and the society that forms the backdrop to these
process.
LO 1008
Land Laws II :
LO 1009
Humanitarian and Refugee Law :
Objectives of
the Course : The objective of this course is to familiarize the student
with the expanding horizons of a branch of international law. The law of war is
today popularly referred to as International Humanitarian Law (IHL). A number
of issues arise out of humanitarian consideration, which fixes responsibilities
on the nation-states to discharge their traditional responsibility under
International Law. In view of the expanding tenants of international law of
human rights, war and the various issues and crimes of individuals have to be
dealt in without violating the international norms. In this course, the student
is presented an overview of various aspects and institutional mechanism that
has been developed over the years by states parties.
The second part on Refugee Law is also critically
important and again brings forth the responsibility on nation-states to
discharge their obligations in the prevention of Statelessness and the
resultant consequences that arise out of loss of nationality. In view of the
compelling jurisprudence of Human Rights Law, the states have an onerous duty
to extend protection to people who lose their nationality for no fault of us.
In this area again the aspects of Human Rights highlights that Individuals
being a subject and object of international law, the responsibility of the
States to protect the rights that are guaranteed under various international
legal instruments.
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